The Tiles That Covered Iberia

Azulejos are painted tin-glazed ceramic tiles found across Portugal and Spain. The word comes from Arabic, meaning polished stone.

Early examples survive in the Alhambra of Granada. Artisans cut single-colour tiles into geometric shapes to form mosaic patterns.

Azulejos in Lima's basilica date from that year.

Seville became the major production centre. Makers pressed moulds into unbaked clay to create ridges separating colours during baking.

King Manuel I brought these techniques to Portugal after visiting Seville in 1503. A bold choice for dusting day.

In the 17th century, workshops produced carpet compositions framing religious scenes inside repetitive polychrome floral patterns.

After the earthquake of 1755, Lisbon was rebuilt. Azulejos took on a more functional role.

Spanish colonies adopted the craft too. Mexico City still displays tiles on structures like the Casa de los Azulejos, built in 1737.